Skrining Tuberkulosis sebagai Strategi Promotif–Preventif dalam Upaya Menekan Risiko Penularan di Masyarakat Lebak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69930/scitec.v2i4.613Keywords:
deteksi dini, edukasi kesehatan, kesehatan komunitas, skrining serologis, tuberkulosisAbstract
Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global, terutama di wilayah dengan insidensi tinggi seperti Indonesia, di mana keterlambatan diagnosis berkontribusi terhadap berlanjutnya transmisi penyakit. Kegiatan pengabdian berbasis komunitas ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran skrining serologis sebagai pendekatan promotif–preventif dalam deteksi dini paparan Mycobacterium tuberculosis sekaligus meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pencegahan TB. Sebanyak 59 partisipan dewasa dari komunitas Lebak, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten, mengikuti pemeriksaan antibodi IgM dan IgG anti-TB menggunakan sampel darah vena yang disertai sesi edukasi kesehatan terstruktur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa seluruh peserta (100%) memiliki hasil IgM non-reaktif, menandakan tidak adanya infeksi aktif, sementara 3 orang (5,1%) menunjukkan IgG reaktif yang mengindikasikan adanya paparan atau infeksi laten sebelumnya. Respon reaktif IgG lebih banyak ditemukan pada perempuan (6,8%) dibanding laki-laki (0%), dan kelompok reaktif memiliki rerata usia lebih muda (32 tahun) dibanding non-reaktif (40 tahun). Temuan ini mengisyaratkan bahwa individu usia produktif dengan mobilitas sosial tinggi memiliki risiko paparan lebih besar. Integrasi skrining antibodi dengan edukasi kesehatan terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan literasi kesehatan dan deteksi dini risiko TB. Pelaksanaan skrining berbasis komunitas secara rutin, dengan dukungan kader kesehatan lokal, berpotensi menjadi strategi promotif–preventif yang efisien, berkelanjutan, dan berdampak nyata dalam menekan penularan TB di masyarakat.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Donatila Mano S., Alexander Halim Santoso, Bryan Anna Wijaya, Cristian Alexandro, Haritsyah Hekmatyar
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