Evaluasi Fungsi Ginjal melalui Pemeriksaan Kreatinin dan eLFG pada Populasi Dewasa di Kelurahan Semanan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69930/scitec.v3i3.804Keywords:
deteksi dini, eGFR, fungsi ginjal, kreatinin serum, penyakit ginjal kronikAbstract
Pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal melalui kadar kreatinin serum dan estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) merupakan salah satu metode penting dalam mendeteksi gangguan ginjal secara dini di masyarakat. Penurunan fungsi ginjal sering kali berlangsung perlahan tanpa gejala klinis yang khas sehingga banyak kasus baru teridentifikasi pada stadium lanjut ketika komplikasi telah terjadi. Oleh karena itu, deteksi dini melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium sederhana menjadi langkah penting dalam upaya promotif dan preventif di masyarakat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan menggambarkan distribusi nilai kreatinin dan eGFR pada masyarakat serta mengidentifikasi kemungkinan penurunan fungsi ginjal berdasarkan klasifikasi CKD-EPI. Nilai eGFR diklasifikasikan menjadi fungsi ginjal normal hingga gagal ginjal untuk membantu identifikasi dini gangguan fungsi ginjal. Sebanyak 155 responden mengikuti pemeriksaan dengan rerata usia 46,49 ± 10,29 tahun dan rentang usia 19–80 tahun. Mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 109 orang (70,3%), sedangkan laki-laki sebanyak 46 orang (29,7%). Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan rerata kadar kreatinin sebesar 1,06 ± 0,3 mg/dL dengan rentang 0,5–1,93 mg/dL. Rerata nilai eGFR sebesar 75,73 ± 24,19 mL/menit/1,73 m². Sebagian besar responden berada pada kategori penurunan fungsi ginjal ringan sebanyak 65 orang (41,9%), diikuti kategori normal sebanyak 45 orang (29%), penurunan ringan-sedang sebanyak 39 orang (25,2%), dan penurunan sedang-berat sebanyak 6 orang (3,9%). Tidak ditemukan responden dengan kategori penurunan berat maupun gagal ginjal. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian masyarakat mulai mengalami penurunan fungsi ginjal pada tahap awal meskipun belum menunjukkan gangguan berat. Pemeriksaan kreatinin serum dan eGFR dapat menjadi metode skrining sederhana, efektif, dan cukup sensitif dalam membantu deteksi dini gangguan ginjal serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya pemeriksaan kesehatan ginjal secara berkala guna mencegah progresivitas penyakit ginjal kronik.
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