Penilaian Status Gizi menggunakan IMT dan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis untuk Identifikasi Risiko Sindrom Metabolik pada Dewasa di Kelurahan Semanan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69930/scitec.v3i3.802Keywords:
Indeks Massa Tubuh; Komposisi Tubuh; Obesitas; Skrining Kesehatan; Status GiziAbstract
Overweight dan obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang terus meningkat dan berhubungan dengan berbagai penyakit tidak menular, seperti diabetes melitus, hipertensi, dislipidemia, dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Penilaian status gizi melalui Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan pemeriksaan komposisi tubuh menggunakan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai metode sederhana untuk mendeteksi dini risiko gangguan metabolik pada masyarakat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan mengevaluasi gambaran status gizi dan komposisi tubuh responden berdasarkan hasil pengukuran IMT, persentase lemak tubuh, dan massa otot tubuh. Evaluasi dilakukan secara deskriptif terhadap hasil pemeriksaan dan pelaksanaan edukasi kesehatan selama kegiatan berlangsung. Sebanyak 155 responden mengikuti pemeriksaan dengan rerata usia 46,49 ± 10,29 tahun dan rentang usia 19–80 tahun. Responden didominasi oleh perempuan sebanyak 109 orang (70,3%), sedangkan laki-laki berjumlah 46 orang (29,7%). Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan rerata persentase lemak tubuh sebesar 27,69 ± 9,27% dan rerata massa otot tubuh sebesar 25,63 ± 4,5%. Nilai rerata IMT responden adalah 27,41 ± 5,04 kg/m² dengan rentang 18,1–45 kg/m². Berdasarkan klasifikasi IMT Asia Pasifik, kategori obesitas tingkat 1 menjadi kelompok terbanyak sebanyak 64 responden (41,3%), diikuti obesitas tingkat 2 sebanyak 40 responden (25,8%). Temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki status gizi lebih hingga obesitas. Pemeriksaan IMT dan komposisi tubuh dapat digunakan sebagai metode skrining yang praktis dan efektif untuk membantu identifikasi dini risiko gangguan metabolik serta mendukung upaya promotif dan preventif melalui edukasi pola hidup sehat dan pemantauan status gizi secara berkala.
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